Healthcare SEO in Chicago, in plain terms
Rankings are a means, not the result. The result is a chain of events: a search, a page or a map listing, a consultation request, a consultation, a deposit and a surgery date. If any link breaks, the ranking earned nothing. We have seen consult forms that ask for a medical history before a phone number, office pages with no parking details in a city where parking decides the visit, and coordinators who call back two days later. SEO work for a Chicago practice has to cover those links as well as the search result.
In practice the job splits into three. Visibility: a Business Profile and an office page for every location where a surgeon actually consults, procedure pages that mention the community area or suburb and the hospital or surgery center used, and pages in the languages your coordinators speak. Trust: candid explanations of candidacy, recovery and risk, a surgeon who approved the page and is named on it, and copy that stays inside Section 26 of the Illinois Medical Practice Act. Measurement: each request tied to the page and office that produced it, then joined to the procedures that followed, so the owners know which lines and offices search is feeding.
Much of year one goes into specific searches: those naming a procedure, a revision, a suburb or a second language. The broad phrases, plastic surgeon Chicago among them, are held by practices with long histories of press and links, by the academic medical centers and by directories. A sound plan works around that fact rather than promising to beat it in month three.
The Chicago patient market, with sources
These published figures describe the size and makeup of the market. They are context for planning, not a forecast of how many procedures your practice will book.
- City: Data USA, drawing on Census Bureau survey data, reports about 2.71 million Chicago residents in 2024 and a median household income of $77,902.
- County: the same source puts Cook County at about 5.18 million residents in 2024, with a median household income of $83,498.
- Metro: Data USA gives the Chicago, Naperville and Elgin metro area 9.37 million residents in 2024, a median household income of $90,887 and a median age of 38.6.
- Born abroad: 20.8% of Chicago residents and 18.5% of metro residents were born outside the United States in 2024, according to Data USA.
- Languages: the Chicago Housing Authority's language access plan names Spanish, Polish, Chinese, Hindi and Arabic as the five languages other than English most spoken in the city, as identified by the Mayor's Office of New Americans.
- Places: the city has 77 community areas, and the Chicago Metropolitan Agency for Planning publishes data snapshots for 284 communities across its seven-county region.
- Transit: the CTA reports 8 rail lines, 146 rail stations and 127 bus routes, serving Chicago and 35 suburbs.
- Procedures: the American Society of Plastic Surgeons reports approximately 114,000 procedures in 2025 in its North Central region, which includes Illinois, an 8 percent increase on the year. Breast augmentation led the region, and ASPS reports a 34 percent rise for eyelid surgery and forehead lifts.
Where Chicago patients search from
The metro is wide, and patients behave differently depending on whether they work downtown, live in a city neighbourhood or drive in from the collar counties. These patterns decide which pages a practice needs and what each one should say.
Downtown offices and the lunchtime consult
Many practices sit on or near Oak Street, Michigan Avenue and the medical buildings of Streeterville and River North. Their patients often work in the Loop and research between meetings on a phone. They want to know how long the walk is from the Red Line or a Metra terminal, whether an early or lunchtime consultation is possible, and where the procedure itself will take place. A downtown office page that answers those three things in the first screen does more for a consultation request than another paragraph about philosophy of care.
Community areas with names patients actually use
Patients search with the name they use for home, and in Chicago that is rarely the official community area. Someone in Bucktown may type Wicker Park, and someone in Edgewater may type Andersonville. A practice with a Lincoln Park or Lakeview office should map the names searchers actually use within a short ride of that office, then mention the ones that are true on the office page, not invent a page for each.
The North Shore, the western suburbs and the southwest
A large share of cosmetic demand lives outside the city limits. Patients in Highland Park, Northbrook, Hinsdale, Oak Brook, Naperville, Schaumburg and Orland Park expect a surgeon close to home for follow-up visits, and many will not drive downtown in January for a one-week check. Groups with suburban offices need pages that name the suburb, the expressway exit and the parking, and Business Profiles that list the same services the page does. A downtown practice without a suburban office can still reach these patients with a virtual first consultation, but it should not pretend to have an office it lacks.
Across the state line
Patients from northwest Indiana and southern Wisconsin search Chicago terms too, especially for procedures they cannot find closer to home. Those visitors deserve pages that explain travel, the timing of the first post-operative visit and whether a virtual consultation is available. A practice that opens an office in Indiana or Wisconsin answers to that state's medical rules, which this guide does not cover.
Long research with the licence lookup open in another tab
Elective surgery decisions take weeks or months. Patients compare galleries, read recovery pages more than once, check reviews on several platforms and, in Illinois, can look up each physician's licence and public profile online. The site that answers the next question in that sequence, with a visible review date, is usually the one that gets the request. We plan the content in that order: candidacy, recovery, risk, cost, surgeon, then the consultation itself.
What the Illinois Medical Practice Act lets a website say
In Illinois a physician's website is advertising, and advertising by licensees is governed by Section 26 of the Medical Practice Act of 1987 (225 ILCS 60/26). We build every page around the summary below, taken from the FindLaw copy of the section current to 1 January 2025. It is not legal advice, and your counsel decides every claim.
What Section 26 permits
The section allows a licensee to advertise in public media or at the premises where services are given. Permitted content is a short list: the physician's name, title, office hours, address and telephone number; areas of specialization, including appropriate board certification or a limitation of practice; usual and customary fees for routine services, with a notice that fees may be adjusted for complications or unforeseen circumstances; announcements of opening, moving, absence or return; additions to or departures from licensed staff; and business or appointment cards. A procedure page, an office page and a Business Profile can all be built from those pieces.
What it bars
A licensee may not use claims of superior quality of care to entice the public, may not advertise fee comparisons with other licensees, and may not advertise services the advertiser is not licensed to render. Statements that are false, fraudulent, deceptive or misleading are barred, as are statements that promise success and statements that play on the vanity or fears of the public or promote unfair competition.
For SEO copy that rules out a lot of familiar agency language. Headings that rank a surgeon above every other in the city, title tags that promise a natural result every time, meta descriptions that compare your price with a named rival and landing pages built on fear of ageing all sit in the territory the section names. We write titles that describe the procedure and the surgeon instead, and we keep a list of phrases the practice has agreed never to use.
Titles exactly as they appear on the licence
Section 26 asks that every advertisement for regulated services show the licensee's title as it appears on the licence, or the initials the Act authorises. On a website that means surgeon names in headings, schema markup and Business Profiles should carry MD or DO consistently, and not a mix of informal titles from page to page. It is a small detail that patients notice when they compare the site with the state record.
Fees for routine services
Many practices avoid prices online. Section 26 does allow usual and customary fees for routine services, provided the notice about complications or unforeseen circumstances goes with them, and it forbids comparing those fees with other licensees. A fee page can therefore state a range for a routine procedure, explain what anesthesia, facility and garment charges are billed separately, include the required notice and say nothing about competitors. Patients who see a range before they call waste less of the coordinator's time.
A statute with a sunset date
The Illinois General Assembly's text marks the Medical Practice Act as scheduled for repeal on 1 January 2027 under the state's Regulatory Sunset Act. The Act may be extended or rewritten before that date, and section numbers or wording can change when that happens. We confirm the version in force with your counsel at kickoff and again before any large content release in late 2026 or early 2027.
Who licenses and disciplines physicians
Physicians are licensed by the Illinois Department of Financial and Professional Regulation (IDFPR), which publishes information on the State Medical Board, its meeting notices and minutes, and an online licence lookup. The Illinois State Medical Society, which an Illinois House resolution describes as the statewide organisation that represents its physician members before state government, is the main professional body; local societies and specialty groups sit beside it. Federal rules apply on top of all of this: the FTC's Consumer Reviews and Testimonials Rule, in force since October 2024, and the FTC's expectation in its health products guidance that health claims rest on competent and reliable scientific evidence.
The state physician profile is part of your SEO
Illinois law (225 ILCS 61/10) requires IDFPR to make a profile of each physician available to the public online. The profile covers medical schools attended and graduation date, graduate medical education, specialty board certification with a toll-free American Board of Medical Specialties number for checking its current status, years in practice and practice locations, hospitals where the physician has privileges, faculty appointments, peer-reviewed publications from the last ten years, the primary practice location, translation services available there and whether the physician takes part in Medicaid. It also lists final disciplinary actions, certain hospital privilege restrictions and malpractice judgments, awards and settlements from the last ten years.
Patients who are about to trust someone with surgery read that record. When the surgeon page says fellowship trained and the profile shows no fellowship, or the site lists a hospital where the profile shows no privileges, the patient starts to doubt everything else on the page. We therefore treat the profile as the source document for every surgeon page: each line of training, each board and each hospital is copied from it, and we ask the surgeon to update the profile first if the record is out of date.
The profile also helps the language work. Translation services offered at the main office are part of the public record, so a Spanish or Polish page that offers a consultation in that language should match what the state shows. If it does not, update one or the other before launch.
Med spas, injectables and who holds the syringe
Aesthetic groups in Chicago compete with a very large number of med spas, and patients have reason to be careful. NBC Chicago reported in May 2024 on a study by three dermatologists, published in Dermatologic Surgery, of 127 med spas in the Chicago area: 81% had no supervising physician on site. That finding dates from 2024 and covers one sample, but it explains why patients now ask who will treat them before they ask about price.
Illinois regulators have addressed the setting directly. A joint memo from IDFPR and the Illinois Department of Public Health, updated 30 October 2025, notes that injections of botulinum toxin, injections of weight loss medications, dermal fillers, laser hair removal, platelet rich plasma and vitamins are among the procedures offered in med spas. It states that physicians licensed to practise medicine in all of its branches may operate a med spa, perform cosmetic procedures that affect the living layers of skin and prescribe and administer drugs including Botox, and may supervise and delegate these procedures. Delegation must sit within a physician and patient relationship and within the delegating physician's own scope, and a task given to an unlicensed person requires a licensed health care professional on site. The memo also sets out what cosmetologists and estheticians may not do.
For an aesthetic group the SEO consequence is simple. Pages for injectables, lasers and weight loss treatments should say who examines the patient, who performs the treatment, what licence that person holds and where the supervising physician is. That is honest, it fits the memo, and it answers the question that the NBC report put into patients' minds. We do not write pages that blur who treats, and we do not publish med spa offers that a physician has not approved.
Where surgery happens: offices, surgery centers and hospitals
Chicago surgeons operate in several kinds of setting: hospital operating rooms at the academic and community systems, licensed ambulatory surgical treatment centers and procedure suites inside their own offices. The Ambulatory Surgical Treatment Center Act (210 ILCS 5) defines a licensed center as a facility mainly used for surgical procedures that does not keep patients overnight, apart from narrow exceptions, with licensing by the Illinois Department of Public Health. Whether a particular office suite needs that licence, or relies on an exclusion, is a question for your counsel, not for a marketing team.
What matters for the website is that the page says plainly where each procedure is done and describes any licence or accreditation exactly as it stands. Patients researching liposuction, tummy tucks and breast surgery often ask about the setting and the anesthesia before they ask about the result, and a page that explains both, with the name of the facility, answers the real question without criticising anyone else. When a surgeon operates at more than one place, each procedure page names the setting the practice actually uses for that procedure.
Procedure lines in the North Central market
Every line has its own search pattern, decision time and risk of overclaiming. We map them separately so that reporting can show which lines search is actually feeding, rather than one blended number.
Breast surgery
Breast augmentation led the ASPS North Central region in 2025. Searches divide into augmentation, lift, reduction, implant removal and revision, and each has a different patient. Augmentation patients compare implant types and incision sites, reduction patients often ask about insurance, and explant patients want to know about recovery and what changes. ASPS lists $4,875 as the average cost of augmentation with implants, a surgeon's fee only, so a Chicago fee page needs to show what is and is not included and carry the Section 26 notice.
Eyelid surgery, brow and facelift
ASPS reports a 34 percent rise for eyelid surgery and forehead lifts in the North Central region in 2025. These patients tend to be older, read longer pages and care about the surgeon's training and the recovery timeline before a family event or a return to work. Pages should cover upper and lower eyelid surgery separately, explain when an eyelid procedure is functional rather than cosmetic and keep before-and-after images free of anything that reads as a promise.
Rhinoplasty and revision
Rhinoplasty searches are specific and slow, and revision searches carry a different worry altogether: what went wrong, what can be corrected and how long to wait. A revision page with its own candidacy and timing section serves that patient better than a paragraph at the foot of the main rhinoplasty page. ASPS gives $7,637 as the average cost of rhinoplasty, again the surgeon's fee alone.
Body contouring
Liposuction, tummy tuck and fat transfer searches often begin with price and end with safety. ASPS lists $7,264 as the average cost of buttock augmentation with fat grafting. A Chicago page that explains the setting, the anesthesia, the surgeon's credentials and the aftercare plan answers the cautious patient, and it does so without attacking cheaper options elsewhere, which Section 26 would treat as unfair competition.
Fertility and hair restoration
Fertility and hair restoration patients research for months and compare process, definitions of success and total cost. Outcome wording needs special care here, because a success figure the clinic cannot substantiate is both misleading under Section 26 and a problem under the FTC's evidence standard. We price these programmes by proposal after collecting direct quotes in the market.
Spanish, Polish and the other languages at the front desk
About one in five Chicago residents was born outside the United States, and the city's own language list starts with Spanish and Polish. A patient who reads Polish first will search for the same eyelid surgery as a patient in Lincoln Park, only in Polish, and a page in English alone will not reach her. If your coordinators already consult in that language, the site should say so and the procedure pages should exist in it.
We draft these pages with fluent medical writers and ask a clinician who reads the language to check risk and recovery wording, because machine translation alone tends to soften or garble exactly the sentences that matter. Each page links to the office and the coordinator who speaks the language, and the Business Profile for that office lists the language as well. A patient who reads a Spanish page and then reaches an English-only voicemail is a consultation lost.
Do not build language pages for show. If nobody at the practice can hold a consultation in Hindi or Arabic, a page in that language sets an expectation the practice cannot meet. Start with the language the front desk already handles most often, measure it for a quarter, and only then add the next.
Illinois has a privacy law most states do not. The Biometric Information Privacy Act (740 ILCS 14) treats a scan of face geometry as a biometric identifier. Its definitions exclude photographs and information captured from a patient in a health care setting, but many cosmetic practices now use online simulation tools, virtual try-on widgets or apps that map a visitor's face before any patient relationship exists. Whether a given tool falls inside or outside those exclusions is a question for your counsel, and we flag every such tool at the month 1 audit rather than install it quietly.
Tracking pixels are the second risk. In 2024 a federal court in Wisconsin gave final approval to a $12,225,000 settlement in the Advocate Aurora Health pixel litigation, in which patients alleged that tracking tools on the health system's website and patient portal may have disclosed information to Meta and Google. Advocate's hospitals serve the Chicago area. A cosmetic practice is not a health system, but the same tools sit on many practice sites, often on the consult form itself.
At federal level, a court vacated parts of the HHS Office for Civil Rights guidance on online tracking technologies in June 2024 and HHS withdrew its appeal later that year. That narrowed one line of liability. It did not make it safe to send form fields or health details to ad platforms, and HIPAA still applies to covered practices. Our tracking design counts consultation requests by page, office and procedure line only, keeps third-party tags off booking and portal pages, and gives your counsel a vendor list showing which tools touch patient data.
Reviews and testimonials for Illinois practices
Reviews shape which practice a patient calls, and the federal rule is now explicit. The FTC's Consumer Reviews and Testimonials Rule, effective 21 October 2024, prohibits fake reviews, buying positive reviews and suppressing negative ones. Our request flow is the same for every patient: one message after the follow-up visit, a link to the platform, no incentive and no filter that sends only satisfied patients to Google.
Replies matter as much as requests. A reply that thanks someone for coming in to discuss their breast revision confirms a patient relationship and discloses health information. We write reply templates that thank the reviewer and invite contact without confirming that the person is a patient or mentioning any treatment.
On the practice's own pages, quoted reviews need the same care as any other claim: a review saying a surgeon is better than every other surgeon in the city is still a claim of superior quality when the practice publishes it. We prefer to let reviews live on the platforms and keep the practice's own copy to facts, process and credentials. Directories need attention too. We correct name, address, phone, surgeons and services on RealSelf, Healthgrades, Zocdoc and Yelp so that a patient checking two sites does not find two different practices.
The pages and profiles a Chicago programme builds
Most practices already have a website. The work is rebuilding the few pages that decide a consultation, not publishing hundreds of thin ones.
- Procedure pages approved by the surgeon: candidacy, the consultation, the procedure, recovery week by week, risks, the setting and what changes the fee, each with a visible review date.
- Revision pages for rhinoplasty, breast and body procedures, written for the patient whose first surgery was elsewhere.
- An office page and Business Profile for each staffed location, with consult days, the surgeons who see patients there, the L or Metra stop, parking and the expressway exit. No pages for suburbs where the practice has no office.
- Surgeon pages copied from the state physician profile, with titles as they appear on the licence and board names in full.
- Fee pages for routine procedures with the Section 26 notice, the separately billed charges and no comparisons with other surgeons.
- Injectable and laser pages that say who examines and who treats, in line with the IDFPR and IDPH med spa memo.
- Galleries built only from consented cases, each image naming the procedure, with matched lighting and poses and a statement that results vary.
- Answer pages for the questions patients ask before calling, such as time off work, when it is safe to fly from O'Hare after surgery and what happens at the first follow-up visit. These also feed the AI answers patients read before they search, and we track whether the practice is cited.
How to judge a healthcare SEO agency in Chicago
Plenty of agencies describe themselves as medical marketing specialists. A few written questions show quickly which ones can work inside Illinois rules and which will risk your licence for a better ranking report.
Questions to put in writing
Ask every agency on your shortlist to answer these before you sign.
- Will you report consultation requests and booked procedures by office, or rankings and traffic alone?
- Who reviews medical content, and does the surgeon approve every page before publication?
- How will you handle superior care claims, fee statements and titles under Section 26 of the Medical Practice Act?
- Will you check surgeon pages against the IDFPR physician profile?
- Which tags will run on consult, booking and portal pages, and what will they send?
- Do you use any face-mapping or simulation tool, and has counsel reviewed it under the Biometric Information Privacy Act?
- Do we own every account, page, image and report if we part ways?
Signs to walk away
Any of these should end the conversation or at least slow it down.
- Promised first-page positions, patient numbers or revenue
- Pages planned for suburbs and community areas where you have no office
- Copy that calls your surgeon better than others or compares your fees with a rival's
- Paid reviews, review gating or edited before-and-after photos
- Ad pixels installed on the consult form by default
- Accounts registered in the agency's name rather than yours
What healthcare SEO costs in Chicago
Published prices for cosmetic surgery SEO vary a great deal, and few are specific to Chicago. Percepture, in June 2026, lists $3,000 to $5,500 a month for a single location and $5,500 to $10,000 in competitive metros. Sagapixel gives $2,000 to $5,000 for primary markets, naming New York, Los Angeles and Miami. Both are agencies describing their own market, so treat the figures as context rather than a rate card.
Our US offer is $3,500 per location a month for a cosmetic or plastic surgery practice, with aesthetic groups of three or more offices priced per location. Practices competing for the busiest downtown facial, breast and body terms usually need the competitive metro scope, quoted by proposal from $5,500 per location. Fertility, hair restoration and med spa groups with several locations are quoted by proposal. Prices are in US dollars; we supply from outside the United States, and your accountant confirms any Illinois or City of Chicago tax treatment.
Whatever you pay, four things belong in the contract: the deliverables for each month, who approves medical content, the tracking plan and who owns the accounts. A three-month minimum is normal, because the first quarter is mostly measurement, mapping and the first rebuilt pages, and a shorter term rarely shows the effect of the work. See our pricing above for the tiers.
A first year, quarter by quarter
The pace depends on where you start, but the order rarely changes. The planning model above lets you swap every assumption for your own numbers, and the outline below is how we usually sequence the work.
- First quarter: baseline and tracking, the procedure and place map, Business Profile services for each office and the first two rebuilt procedure pages.
- Second quarter: surgeon pages matched to the state profile, office pages for each city and suburban location, the review flow and the first earned links.
- Third quarter: consult form tests, fee pages written to Section 26 and booked procedures joined to the pages that produced them.
- Fourth quarter: a Spanish or Polish build-out or a second office, a refresh of the top pages and a twelve-month review against the baseline.
What usually slows a Chicago programme
Surgeon review is the common bottleneck, because a page waiting three weeks for approval is a page that is not indexed. Other delays we name at kickoff: gallery images without signed consent, a state profile that needs updating before the surgeon page can go live, a CRM that cannot export consultations, an office that answers requests the next day and a past site migration that lost its redirects. Each one adds weeks, and none of them is solved by publishing more pages.
A monthly report the owners can act on
The report exists so that owners can decide where the next quarter's effort goes. Rankings appear in it, but at the end, after the numbers that pay the bills.
- Consultation requests from organic search, by office and procedure line
- Share of requests answered within the agreed time, by office
- Consultations held and procedures booked that began with an organic visit
- Procedure revenue from organic-sourced patients, taken from your own fee data
- Map pack positions for each office on its procedure terms
- Pages approved and published, each with its review date
- Citations in AI answers for the tracked patient questions
Our healthcare SEO services page explains the method across every clinic market we serve. The pages below cover the US programme this Chicago page belongs to, our other city pages and services that can run beside a Chicago programme or on their own.
Wrapping up
Chicago patients choosing a surgeon take their time, compare several practices and check what the state publishes about each physician. The practices they book with explain the procedure plainly, say where it happens and who performs it, state fees the way Illinois law allows, offer the patient's language when the staff can, and keep every claim inside Section 26. SEO is the work of making sure your practice is among the few they find and trust enough to contact.
To see where your practice stands now, book a 30-minute strategy call. You leave with a picture of your current organic consultation requests whether or not you hire us. We give no ranking, patient or revenue guarantees.
Sources for this guide
- Data USA, Chicago, IL profile (2024: population 2.71 million, median household income $77,902, 20.8% foreign born)
- Data USA, Cook County, IL profile (2024: population 5.18 million, median household income $83,498)
- Data USA, Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN-WI metro profile (2024: population 9.37 million, median household income $90,887, 18.5% foreign born, median age 38.6)
- Chicago Housing Authority, Language Access Plan at a glance (Spanish, Polish, Chinese, Hindi and Arabic, identified by the Mayor's Office of New Americans)
- Chicago Metropolitan Agency for Planning, Community Data Snapshots (77 Chicago community areas, 284 communities in seven counties)
- CTA, facts at a glance (8 rail lines, 146 rail stations, 127 bus routes, Chicago and 35 suburbs)
- American Society of Plastic Surgeons, 2025 procedural statistics release (North Central region: approximately 114,000 procedures, up 8 percent; breast augmentation led; eyelid surgery and forehead lifts up 34 percent)
- American Society of Plastic Surgeons, breast augmentation cost page (average cost $4,875 with implants; surgeon's fee, no data year shown)
- American Society of Plastic Surgeons, rhinoplasty cost page (average cost $7,637)
- American Society of Plastic Surgeons, buttock enhancement cost page (average cost $7,264 with fat grafting)
- Illinois Medical Practice Act of 1987, 225 ILCS 60/26, Advertising (FindLaw copy, current to 1 Jan 2025)
- Illinois General Assembly, 225 ILCS 60/1 (official text, marked as scheduled for repeal on 1 Jan 2027)
- Illinois statutes, 225 ILCS 61/10, physician profiles published by IDFPR (FindLaw copy, current to 1 Jan 2025)
- IDFPR, Physicians (Medical Practice Act, State Medical Board information and license lookup)
- Illinois House Resolution 1094, 99th General Assembly (describes the Illinois State Medical Society)
- IDFPR and IDPH, memo regarding medical spa services (updated 30 Oct 2025; cites 225 ILCS 60/54.2 on delegation)
- NBC Chicago, 81% of Chicago med spas operate without a doctor on site, study shows (14 May 2024; 127 Chicago-area med spas, Dermatologic Surgery)
- Illinois Ambulatory Surgical Treatment Center Act, 210 ILCS 5/3, definitions (FindLaw copy, current to 1 Jan 2025)
- Illinois Biometric Information Privacy Act, 740 ILCS 14/10, definitions (FindLaw copy, current to 1 Jan 2025)
- HIPAA Journal, Advocate Aurora Health settles pixel lawsuit for $12.225 million
- The Lyon Firm, Advocate Aurora Health pixel tracking class action settlement (final approval 10 Jul 2024)
- Morrison Foerster, federal judge vacates portions of OCR guidance on online tracking technologies (decision of 20 Jun 2024)
- Morrison Foerster, HHS withdraws its appeal on the online tracking guidance (Sep 2024)
- FTC, Consumer Reviews and Testimonials Rule: Questions and Answers (rule effective 21 Oct 2024)
- FTC, Health Products Compliance Guidance
- Percepture, plastic surgery SEO services and pricing (11 Jun 2026)
- Sagapixel, what plastic surgeons spend on marketing (undated)